颁布《湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施细则》的通知
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颁布《湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施细则》的通知
颁布《湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施细则》的通知
各县(市、区)人民政府，湛江经济技术开发区、东海岛经济开发试验区管委会，市府直属各单位：
现将《湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施细则》发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。
湛江市人民政府
二○○四年十二月三十日
湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施细则
第一条 根据2000年7月28日广东省第九届人大常委会第十九次会议通过的《广东省分散按比例安排残疾人就业办法》，结合我市的实际情况，制定本实施细则。
第二条 各级残疾人联合会受各级人民政府委托承担本行政区域内分散按比例安排残疾人就业工作，并负责组织实施本细则。财政、劳动保障、人事、工商、税务、计划、统计等部门依照各自职能配合做好分散按比例安排残疾人就业工作。
第三条 凡持有中华人民共和国残疾人证或中华人民共和国革命伤残军人证，具有湛江市城镇常住户口，符合法定就业年龄、本人有就业要求、生活能自理并具有一定劳动
能力的残疾人，为本实施细则分散按比例安排就业的对象。
第四条 各级残疾人联合会应当对城镇有就业要求的残疾人进行劳动能力评估、求职登记、就业咨询、职业技术培训和就业介绍，扶持残疾人集体从业和个体经营。各级残疾人联合会应当协助当地人民政府和农村基层组织扶持农村残疾人从事种植业、养殖业、手工业等形式的生产劳动，为农村残疾人提供技能培训服务。
第五条 湛江市行政区域内的机关、社会团体、企业(包括外地驻湛企业、港澳台同胞和华侨投资的企业、外商投资企业、私营企业，下同)、事业单位(包括经费差额补贴和自收自支的单位)和城乡经济组织(以下简称用人单位)，均须按不低于本单位上一年度的在岗职工平均人数(含固定工、
合同工、临时工)1.5%的比例安排残疾人就业，超过0.5人不足1人的按1人计算，不足0.5人的可免以接收，但需按实际缺额交纳残疾人就业保障金。安排1名盲人或一级肢体残疾人就业可按安排2名残疾人计算。
第六条 残疾人就业保障金的收取、使用和管理由各级残疾人联合会负责。其中驻赤坎区、霞山区、麻章区、坡头区、湛江经济技术开发区、东海岛经济开发试验区的中央、省属单位和湛江经济技术开发区所属用人单位残疾人就业保障金的收取、使用和管理由市残疾人联合会负责。驻各县
(市)的中央、省属用人单位的残疾人就业保障金的收取、使用和管理，委托所在县(市)残疾人联合会负责。
第七条 残疾人就业保障金的收取，按下列程序办理：
(一)用人单位应于每年3月31日前向同级残疾人联合会报送本单位上一年度平均在岗职工人数及残疾职工花名册。不及时报送在职职工人数的单位，由各级残疾人联合会根据人事、劳动保障、统计等部门提供的数字计算其应收的残疾人就业保障金。
(二)各级残疾人联合会负责对各单位按比例安排残疾人就业情况进行审核、确定。对安排残疾人就业达到规定比例的单位，由残疾人联合会出具证明，可免缴残疾人就业保障金。对安排残疾人就业达不到规定比例的单位，由残疾人联合会发出《残疾人就业保障金缴款通知书》。
(三)用人单位在收到《残疾人就业保障金缴款通知书》后，应在1个月内缴交残疾人就业保障金，逾期不交或不足额缴交的，每天按其应缴金额5‰计收滞纳金，滞纳金并入残疾人就业保障金。
第八条 根据本市实际，残疾人就业保障金的收取办法：
(一)各级行政机关、团体、事业单位残疾人就业保障金的收缴办法，每年5月31日前，由各级残联劳动就业服务机构发出缴款通知书，各单位收到通知书后，即在20日内将应缴款额直接汇入各级财政预算外资金管理中心，逾期不缴或经多次追缴仍拖欠的，由同级财政部门从该单位年度
经费拨款中扣缴。
(二)企业、城乡经济组织和其他自收自支单位和单位经费非财政全额补助的事业单位安排残疾人就业达不到规定比例的，必须按实际缺额比例计算交纳残疾人就业保障金，收取标准按当地统计部门公布的上一年度在岗职工平均工资标准的80%交纳。
第九条 残疾人就业保障金纳入财政预算外资金专户管理，专款专用，并接受同级财政、审计等部门的监督。
第十条 残疾人就业保障金原则上不能减免。用人单位确因经费困难，企业因政策性亏损等原因，需要缓缴、减缴或者免缴残疾人就业保障金的，可在收到《残疾人就业保障金缴款通知书》之日起15日内，向残疾人联合会和财政部门提出书面申请。各级残疾人联合会应当于收到用人单位缓
缴、减缴或免缴申请书之日起15日内，会同同级财政部门审查，作出批复。
残疾人就业保障金缓缴期限最长不得超过1年。
第十一条 对超比例安排残疾人就业的单位，由残疾人联合会提请同级人民政府给予表彰。
第十二条 各单位安排残疾人就业，由各级残疾人劳动就业服务机构推荐，也可以自行向社会招收，本单位职工的残疾亲属，可优先安排招用。
第十三条 各单位安排残疾人就业，应与残疾人签订1年以上的劳动合同，根据其残疾程度安排适宜的工种和岗位，并应加强对残疾职工的职业技术培训，提高其劳动技能和技术水平；在招用、聘用、转正定级、晋升、职称评定、劳动报酬、生活福利和社会保险等方面与其他职工享有同等
待遇。
第十四条 残疾人就业保障金使用范围：残疾人职业技能培训费用补贴；有偿扶持残疾人集体或个体经营；经同级财政部门批准，适当补助残疾人劳动就业服务机构经费支出和直接用于残疾人就业工作的其他开支。
残疾人就业保障金必须按上述规定的用途使用，由各级残疾人联合会编列计划，报同级财政部门按规定审批，任何部门不得平调或挪用残疾人就业保障金。
第十五条 单位虚报录用安置残疾职工情况或拒不缴纳就业保障金的，由残疾人联合会会同劳动保障部门责令其改正，补交应缴的残疾人就业保障金和滞纳金。
第十六条 各级劳动保障部门应当对用人单位执行分散按比例安排残疾人就业规定和维护残疾职工劳动权益的有关情况纳入劳动年审范围，进行劳动监察，加强监督。
用人单位在进行劳动年审时，凭同级残疾人联合会提供用人单位安排残疾人就业和缴纳就业保障金情况的书面证明办理年审。
对未达到规定比例安排残疾人就业而又未缴纳残疾人保障金的用人单位，由劳动保障部门会同残疾人联合会责令其改正后方可予以年审。
第十七条 对无正当理由逾期拒不缴纳残疾人就业保障金的，残疾人联合会可依法申请人民法院强制执行。
第十八条 本实施细则自2005年1月1日起施行。
1995年5月1日湛江人民政府颁布的《湛江市分散按比例安排残疾人就业实施办法》同时废止。
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湖南省计量计费监督管理办法
湖南省计量计费监督管理办法
湖南省人民政府
第一条 为了确保计量计费准确，维护消费者、用户的合法权益，根据《中华人民共和国计量法》和有关法律、法规，结合我省实际，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法所称计量器具，是指用于贸易结算的工作计量器具，主要包括：秤、尺、里程计价表、电子计时器、燃油加油机、流量计、电能表、水表、煤气表、定量容器等。
第三条 县级以上人民政府技术监督行政管理部门主管本行政区域的计量计费监督管理工作。
县级以上人民政府工商行政管理、物价和其他有关行政管理部门按照各自的职责，做好计量计费监督管理工作。
第四条 经营者向消费者、用户提供商品或者服务，应当按照规定明示商品或者服务的价格和计量计费方法，做到计量计费准确。
第五条 消费者、用户购买商品或者接受服务、有权要求经营者提供计量计费的有关情况。经营者对消费者、用户提出的询问，应当作出真实的说明。
第六条 经营者在经营活动中使用的计量器具应当符合下列要求：
（一）具有符合规定要求的准确度；
（二）具有有效的检定合格印、证。
第七条 经营者应当加强对计量器具的使用管理，确保在用计量器具处于合格状态。属于强制性检定的计量器具应当按规定向技术监督行政管理部门指定的法定检定机构或者授权的检定机构申请周期检定。
第八条 经营者出售定量包装商品，应当用中文、数字和法定计量单位标明商品量，保证实际商品量与标称商品量相符，其允差在国家规定的范围内。
经营者出售非定量包装商品和散装商品，其计量允差应当符合商品称重计量监督规定。
第九条 经营者不得使用未经检定或者检定不合格的计量器具进行计量计费。
第十条 禁止使用非法定计量单位的计量器具和国家规定禁止使用的其他计量器具进行计量计费。
第十一条 禁止破坏计量器具准确度。禁止伪造数据进行不诚实计量计费。
第十二条 县级以上人民政府技术监督行政管理部门应当加强对计量计费的监督检查，调处计量计费纠纷，依法查处计量计费违法行为。
第十三条 技术监督行政管理部门进行计量计费监督检查时，有权行使下列职权：
（一）询问被检查的经营者、利益关系人、证明人，要求其提供证明材料或者与计量计费有关的其他材料；
（二）根据需要，组织计量检定机构和有关人员对计量器具的计量性能进行抽查检定；
（三）查询、复制与计量计费有关的发票、帐册、凭证、记录、业务函电等资料；
（四）依法查封、扣押与计量计费违法行为有关的计量器具及其用于计量计费作弊的物品。
第十四条 进行计量器具检定，除法律、法规或者国务院、省人民政府、省以上财政和物价部门有规定的外，不得收费。
技术监督检验机构对属于周期检定的计量器具，在规定的周期内不得重复检定。
计量计费监督检查人员在执行职务时，应当出示行政执法检查证件，保守经营者合法的商业秘密。被检查的经营者、利益关系人和证明人应当如实提供与计量计费有关的情况。
第十五条 任何单位和个人有权制止、检举、揭发计量计费的违法行为。
有关主管部门和单位应当根据需要，在公共交易场所设置公用计量计费器具，为消费者、用户监督计量计费行为提供便利条件。
第十六条 消费者、用户购买商品或者接受服务，因计量计费致使其合法权益受到损害，有权持购货凭证、服务单据或者有关物品向销售商品或者提供服务的经营者提出补偿要求，经营者应当按照有关规定予以补偿。补偿后，属于其他经营者责任的，有权向其追偿。
第十七条 消费者、用户与经营者之间因计量计费发生争议时，当事人可以通过协商或者调解解决；可以向技术监督行政管理部门和其他有关行政管理部门申诉；也可以依法向仲裁机构申请仲裁或者向人民法院起诉。
第十八条 有关单位在处理计量计费争议时，可以根据需要委托法定计量检定机构对量值进行复核或者对计量器具进行检定，其复核结果或者检定结论作为判定计量计费责任的依据。
第十九条 违反本办法规定，有下列情形之一的，由技术监督行政管理部门予以处罚：
（一）使用属于强制性检定的计量器具未按照规定申请周期检定或者超过检定周期继续使用的，责令停止使用、限期送检，可并处100元以上1000元以下的罚款；
（二）使用非法定计量单位的计量器具或者国家规定禁止使用的其他计量器具的，责令停止使用，可并处100元以上1000元以下的罚款；
（三）使用经检定不合格的计量器具、破坏计量器具准确度或者伪造数据进行不诚实计量计费，给国家或者消费者、用户造成损失的，责令赔偿损失，没收计量器具和全部违法所得，可并处200元以上2000元以下的罚款；
（四）使用计量器具不按量值结算交易费用，侵害消费者、用户合法权益的，责令补足商品数量或者退赔差额款项，可并处200元以上2000元以下的罚款；
（五）经营者出售属于计量计费的商品，其商品量误差超过国家规定允差范围的，依据国家有关规定处罚。
前款（二）、（三）、（四）项的行政处罚，也可以由工商行政管理部门依法决定，但对同一违法行为不得重复处罚。
第二十条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的，可以依法申请复议或者向人民法院提起诉讼。
当事人逾期不申请复议、不起诉、又不履行行政处罚决定的，作出处罚决定的行政机关可以申请人民法院强制执行。
第二十一条 从事计量计费监督管理的国家工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊、构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任；未构成犯罪的，由其所在工作部门或者其上级主管部门给予行政处分。
第二十二条 以暴力、威胁方法拒绝、阻碍从事计量计费监督管理的国家工作人员依法执行职务，构成犯罪的，由司法机关依法追究刑事责任；未构成犯罪的，由公安机关依照《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》的规定处理。
第二十三条 本办法自发布之日起施行。
1996年8月5日
Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology ——附加英文版
Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1. Pursuant to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Banking Regulation and Supervision, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Commercial Banks, the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Banks, and other applicable laws and regulations, the Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) is formulated.
Article 2. The Guidelines apply to all the commercial banks legally incorporated within the territory of the People’s Republic of China.
The Guidelines may apply to other banking institutions including policy banks, rural cooperative banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, loan companies, financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance firms, financial leasing companies, automobile financial companies and money brokers.
Article 3. The term “information technology” stated in the Guidelines shall refer to the system built with computer, communication and software technologies, and employed by commercial banks to handle business transactions, operation management, and internal communication, collaborative work and controls. The term also include IT governance, IT organization structure and IT policies and procedures.
Article 4. The risk of information technology refers to the operational risk, legal risk and reputation risk that are caused by natural factor, human factor, technological loopholes or management deficiencies when using information technology.
Article 5. The objective of information system risk management is to establish an effective mechanism that can identify, measure, monitor, and control the risks of commercial banks’ information system, ensure data integrity, availability, confidentiality and consistency, provide the relevant early warning, and thereby enable commercial banks’ business innovations, uplift their capability in utilizing information technology, improve their core competitiveness and capacity for sustainable development.
Chapter II IT governance
Article 6. The legal representative of commercial bank should be responsible to ensure compliance of this guideline.
Article 7. The board of directors of commercial banks should have the following responsibilities with respect to the management of information systems:
(1) Implementing and complying with the national laws, regulations and technical standards pertaining to the management of information systems, as well as the regulatory requirements set by the China Banking Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as the “CBRC”);
(2) Periodically reviewing the alignment of IT strategy with the overall business strategies and significant policies of the bank, assessing the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the IT organization.
(3) Approving IT risk management strategies and policies, understanding the major IT risks involved, setting acceptable levels for these risks, and ensuring the implementation of the measures necessary to identify, measure, monitor and control these risks.
(4) Setting high ethical and integrity standards, and establishing a culture within the bank that emphasizes and demonstrates to all levels of personnel the importance of IT risk management.
(5) Establishing an IT steering committee which consists of representatives from senior management, the IT organization, and major business units, to oversee these responsibilities and report the effectiveness of strategic IT planning, the IT budget and actual expenditure, and the overall IT performance to the board of directors and senior management periodically.
(6) Establishing IT governance structure, proper segregation of duty, clear role and responsibility, maintaining check and balances and clear reporting relationship. Strengthening IT professional staff by developing incentive program.
(7) Ensuring that there is an effective internal audit of the IT risk management carried out by operationally independent, well-trained and qualified staff. The internal audit report should be submitted directly to the IT audit committee;
(8) Submitting an annual report to the CBRC and its local offices on information system risk management that has been reviewed and approved by the board of directors ;
(9) Ensuring the appropriating funding necessary for IT risk management works;
(10) Ensuring that all employees of the bank fully understand and adhere to the IT risk management policies and procedures approved by the board of directors and the senior management, and are provided with pertinent training.
(11) Ensuring customer information, financial information, product information and core banking system of the legal entity are held independently within the territory, and complying with the regulatory on-site examination requirements of CBRC and guarding against cross-border risk.
(12) Reporting in a timely manner to the CBRC and its local offices any serious incident of information systems or unexpected event, and quickly respond to it in accordance with the contingency plan;
(13) Cooperating with the CBRC and its local offices in the supervisory inspection of the risk management of information systems, and ensure that supervisory opinions are followed up; and
(14) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.
Article 8. The head of the IT organization, commonly known as the Chief Information Officer (CIO) should report directly to the president. Roles and responsibilities of the CIO should include the following:
(1) Playing a direct role in key decisions for the business development involving the use of IT in the bank;
(2) The CIO should ensure that information systems meet the needs of the bank, and IT strategies, in particular information system development strategies, comply with the overall business strategies and IT risk management policies of the bank;
(3) The CIO should also be responsible for the establishment of an effective and efficient IT organization to carry out the IT functions of the bank. These include the IT budget and expenditure, IT risk management, IT policies, standards and procedures, IT internal controls, professional development, IT project initiatives, IT project management, information system maintenance and upgrade, IT operations, IT infrastructure, Information security, disaster recovery plan (DRP), IT outsourcing, and information system retirement;
(4) Ensuring the effectiveness of IT risk management throughout the organization including all branches.
(5) Organizing professional trainings to improve technical proficiency of staff.
(6) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.
Article 9. Commercial banks should ensure that a clear definition of the IT organization structure and documentation of all job descriptions of important positions are always in place and updated in a timely manner. Staff in each position should meet relevant requirements on professional skills and knowledge. The following risk mitigation measures should be incorporated in the management program of related staff:
(1) Verification of personal information including confirmation of personal identification issued by government, academic credentials, prior work experience, professional qualifications;
(2) Ensuring that IT staff can meet the required professional ethics by checking character reference;
(3) Signing of agreements with employees about understanding of IT policies and guidelines, non-disclosure of confidential information, authorized use of information systems, and adherence to IT policies and procedures; and
(4) Evaluation of the risk of losing key IT personnel, especially during major IT development stage or in a period of unstable IT operations, and the relevant risk mitigation measures such as staff backup arrangement and staff succession plan.
Article 10. Commercial banks should establish or designate a particular department for IT risk management. It should report directly to the CIO and the Chief Risk Officer (or risk management committee), serve as a member of the IT incident response team, and be responsible for coordinating the establishment of policies regarding IT risk management, especially the areas of information security, BCP, and compliance with the CBRC regulations, advising the business departments and IT department in implementing these policies, providing relevant compliance information, conducting on-going assessment of IT risks, and ensuring the follow-up of remediation advice, monitoring and escalating management of IT threats and non-compliance events.
Article 11. Commercial banks should establish a special IT audit role and responsibility within internal audit function, which should put in place IT audit policies and procedures, develop and execute IT audit plan.
Article 12. Commercial banks should put in place policies and procedures to protect intellectual property rights according to laws regarding intellectual properties, ensure purchase of legitimate software and hardware, prevention of the use of pirated software, and the protection of the proprietary rights of IT products developed by the bank, and ensure that these are fully understood and complied by all employees.
Article 13. Commercial banks should, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, disclose the risk profile of their IT normatively and timely.
Chapter III IT Risk Management
Article 14. Commercial banks should formulate an IT strategy that aligns with the overall business plan of the bank, IT risk assessment plan and an IT operational plan that can ensure adequate financial resources and human resources to maintain a stable and secure IT environment.
Article 15. Commercial banks should put in place a comprehensive set of IT risk management policies that include the following areas:
(1) Information security classification policy
(2) System development, testing and maintenance policy
(3) IT operation and maintenance policy
(4) Access control policy
(5) Physical security policy
(6) Personnel security policy
(7) Business Continuity Planning and Crisis and Emergency Management procedure
Article 16. Commercial banks should maintain an ongoing risk identification and assessment process that allows the bank to pinpoint the areas of concern in its information systems, assess the potential impact of the risks on its business, rank the risks, and prioritize mitigation actions and the necessary resources (including outsourcing vendors, product vendors and service vendors).
Article 17. Commercial banks should implement a comprehensive set of risk mitigation measures complying with the IT risk management policies and commensurate with the risk assessment of the bank. These mitigation measures should include:
(1) A set of clearly documented IT risk policies, technical standards, and operational procedures, which should be communicated to the staff frequently and kept up to date in a timely manner;
(2) Areas of potential conflicts of interest should be identified, minimized, and subject to careful, independent monitoring. Also it requires that an appropriate control structure is set up to facilitate checks and balances, with control activities defined at every business level, which should include:
- Top level reviews;
- Controls over physical and logical access to data and system;
- Access granted on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
- A system of approvals and authorizations; and
- A system of verification and reconciliation.
Article 18. Commercial banks should put in place a set of ongoing risk measurement and monitoring mechanisms, which should include
(1) Pre and post-implementation review of IT projects;
(2) Benchmarks for periodic review of system performance;
(3) Reports of incidents and complaints about IT services;
(4) Reports of internal audit, external audit, and issues identified by CBRC; and
(5) Arrangement with vendors and business units for periodic review of service level agreements (SLAs).
(6) The possible impact of new development of technology and new threats to software deployed.
(7) Timely review of operational risk and management controls in operation area.
(8) Assess the risk profile on IT outsourcing projects periodically.
Article 19. Chinese commercial banks operating offshore and the foreign commercial banks in China should comply with the relevant regulatory requirements on information systems in and outside the People’s Republic of China.
Chapter IV Information Security
Article 20. Information technology department of commercial banks should oversee the establishment of an information classification and protection scheme. All employees of the bank should be made aware of the importance of ensuring information confidentiality and provided with the necessary training to fully understand the information protection procedures within their responsibilities.
Article 21. Commercial banks should put in place an information security management function to develop and maintain an ongoing information security management program, promote information security awareness, advise other IT functions on security issues, serve as the leader of IT incident response team, and report the evaluation of the information security of the bank to the IT steering committee periodically. The Information security management program should include Information security standards, strategy, an implementation plan, and an ongoing maintenance plan.
Information security policy should include the following areas:
(1) IT security policy management
(2) Organization information security
(3) Asset management
(4) Personnel security
(5) Physical and environment security
(6) Communication and operation security
(7) Access control and authentication
(8) Acquirement, development and maintenance of information system
(9) Information security event management
(10) Business continuity management
(11) Compliance
Article 22. Commercial banks should have an effective process to manage user authentication and access control. Access to data and system should be strictly limited to authorized individuals whose identity is clearly established, and their activities in the information systems should be limited to the minimum required for their legitimate business use. Appropriate user authentication mechanism commensurate with the classification of information to be accessed should be selected. Timely review and removal of user identity from the system should be implemented when user transfers to a new job or leave the commercial bank.
Article 23. Commercial banks should ensure all physical security zones, such as computer centers or data centers, network closets, areas containing confidential information or critical IT equipment, and respective accountabilities are clearly defined, and appropriate preventive, detective, and recuperative controls are put in place.
Article 24. Commercial banks should divide their networks into logical security domains (hereinafter referred to as the “domain”) with different levels of security. The following security factors have to be assessed in order to define and implement effective security controls, such as physical or logical segregation of network, network filtering, logical access control, traffic encryption, network monitoring, activity log, etc., for each domain and the whole network.
(1) criticality of the applications and user groups within the domain;
(2) Access points to the domain through various communication channels;
(3) Network protocols and ports used by the applications and network equipment deployed within the domain;
(4) Performance requirement or benchmark;
(5) Nature of the domain, i.e. production or testing, internal or external;
(6) Connectivity between various domains; and
(7) Trustworthiness of the domain.
Article 25. Commercial banks should secure the operating system and system software of all computer systems by
(1) Developing baseline security requirement for each operating system and ensuring all systems meet the baseline security requirement;
(2) Clearly defining a set of access privileges for different groups of users, namely, end-users, system development staff, computer operators, and system administrators and user administrators;
(3) Setting up a system of approval, verification, and monitoring procedures for using the highest privileged system accounts;
(4) Requiring technical staff to review available security patches, and report the patch status periodically; and
(5) Requiring technical staff to include important items such as unsuccessful logins, access to critical system files, changes made to user accounts, etc. in system logs, monitors the systems for any abnormal event manually or automatically, and report the monitoring periodically.
Article 26. Commercial banks should ensure the security of all the application systems by
(1) Clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of end-users and IT staff regarding the application security;
(2) Implementing a robust authentication method commensurate with the criticality and sensibility of the application system;
(3) Enforcing segregation of duties and dual control over critical or sensitive functions;
(4) Requiring verification of input or reconciliation of output at critical junctures;
(5) Requiring the input and output of confidential information are handled in a secure manner to prevent theft, tampering, intentional leakage, or inadvertent leakage;
(6) Ensuring system can handle exceptions in a predefined way and provide meaningful message to users when the system is forced to terminate; and
(7) Maintaining audit trail in either paper or electronic format.
(8) Requiring user administrator to monitor and review unsuccessful logins and changes to users accounts.
Article 27. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the logging of activities in all production systems to support effective auditing, security forensic analysis, and fraud prevention. Logging can be implemented in different layers of software and on different computer and networking equipment, which falls into two broad categories:
(1) Transaction journals. They are generated by application software and database management system, and contain authentication attempts, modification to data, error messages, etc. Transaction journals should be kept according to the national accounting policy.
(2) System logs. They are generated by operating systems, database management system, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and routers, etc., and contain authentication attempts, system events, network events, error messages, etc. System logs should be kept for a period scaled to the risk classification, but no less than one year.
Banks should ensure that sufficient items be included in the logs to facilitate effective internal controls, system troubleshooting, and auditing while taking appropriate measures to ensure time synchronization on all logs. Sufficient disk space should be allocated to prevent logs from being overwritten. System logs should be reviewed for any exception. The review frequency and retention period for transaction logs or database logs should be determined jointly by IT organization and pertinent business lines, and approved by the IT steering committee.
Article 28. Commercial banks should have the capacity to employ encryption technologies to mitigate the risk of losing confidential information in the information systems or during its transmission. Appropriate management processes of the encryption facilities should be put in place to ensure that
(1) Encryption facilities in use should meet national security standards or requirements;
(2) Staff in charge of encryption facilities are well trained and screened;
(3) Encryption strength is adequate to protect the confidentiality of the information; and
(4) Effective and efficient key management procedures, especially key lifecycle management and certificate lifecycle management, are in place.
Article 29. Commercial banks should put in place an effective and efficient system of securing all end-user computing equipment which include desktop personal computers (PCs), portable PCs, teller terminals, automatic teller machines (ATMs), passbook printers, debit or credit card readers, point of sale (POS) terminals, personal digital assistant (PDAs), etc and conduct periodic security checks on all equipments.
Article 30. Commercial banks should put in place a set of policies and procedures to govern the collection, processing, storage, transmission, dissemination, and disposal of customer information.
Article 31. All employees, including contract staff, should be provided with the necessary trainings to fully understand these policies procedures and the consequences of their violation. Commercial banks should adopt a zero tolerance policy against security violation.
Chapter V Application System Development, Testing and Maintenance
Article 32. Commercial banks should have the capability to identify, plan, acquire, develop, test, deploy, maintain, upgrade, and retire information systems. Policies and procedures should be in place to govern the initiation, prioritization, approval, and control of IT projects. Progress reports of major IT projects should be submitted to and reviewed by the IT steering committee periodically. Decisions involving significant change of schedule, change of key personnel, change of vendors, and major expenditures should be included in the progress report.
Article 33. Commercial banks should recognize the risks associated with IT projects, which include the possibilities of incurring various kinds of operational risk, financial losses, and opportunity costs stemming from ineffective project planning or inadequate project management controls of the bank. Therefore, appropriate project management methodologies should be adopted and implemented to control the risks associated with IT projects.
Article 34. Commercial banks should adopt and implement a system development methodology to control the life cycle of Information systems. The typical phases of system life cycle include system analysis, design, development or acquisition, testing, trial run, deployment, maintenance, and retirement. The system development methodology to be used should be commensurate with the size, nature, and complexity of the IT project, and, generally speaking, should facilitate the management of the following risks.
Article 35. Commercial banks should ensure system reliability, integrity, and maintainability by controlling system changes with a set of policies and procedures, which should include the following elements.
(1) Ensure that production systems are separated from development or testing systems;
(2) Separating the duties of managing production systems and managing development or testing systems;
(3) Prohibiting application development and maintenance staff from accessing production system under normal circumstances unless management approval is granted to perform emergency repair, and all emergency repair activities should be recorded and reviewed promptly;
(4) Promoting changes of program or system configuration from development and testing systems to production systems should be jointly approved by IT organization and business departments, properly documented, and reviewed periodically.
Article 36. Commercial banks should have in place a set of policies, standards, and procedures to ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. These policies should be in accordance with data integrity amid IT development procedure.
Article 37. Commercial banks should ensure that Information system problems could be tracked, analyzed, and resolved systematically through an effective problem management process. Problems should be documented, categorized, and indexed. Support services or technical assistance from vendors, if necessary, should also be documented. Contacts and relevant contract information should be made readily available to the employees concerned. Accountability and line of command should be delineated clearly and communicated to all employees concerned, which is of utmost importance to performing emergency repair.
Article 38. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the process of system upgrade. System upgrade is needed when the hardware reaches its lifespan or runs out of capacity, the underpinning software, namely, operating system, database management system, middleware, has to be upgraded, or the application software has to be upgraded. The system upgrade should be treated as a project and managed by all pertinent project management controls including user acceptance testing.
Chapter VI IT Operations
Article 39. Commercial banks should consider fully the environmental threats (e.g. proximity to natural disaster zones, dangerous or hazardous facilities or busy/major roads) when selecting the locations of their data centers. Physical and environmental controls should be implemented to monitor environmental conditions could affect adversely the operation of information processing facilities. Equipment facilities should be protected from power failures and electrical supply interference.
Article 40. In controlling access by third-party personnel (e.g. service providers) to secured areas, proper approval of access should be enforced and their activities should be closely monitored. It is important that proper screening procedures including verification and background checks, especially for sensitive technology-related jobs, are developed for permanent and temporary technical staff and contractors.
Article 41. Commercial banks should separate IT operations or computer center operations from system development and maintenance to ensure segregation of duties within the IT organization. The commercial banks should document the roles and responsibilities of data center functions.
Article 42. Commercial banks are required to retain transactional records in compliance with the national accounting policy. Procedures and technology are needed to be put in place to ensure the integrity, safekeeping and retrieval requirements of the archived data.
Article 43. Commercial banks should detail operational instructions such as computer operator tasks, job scheduling and execution in the IT operations manual. The IT operations manual should also cover the procedures and requirements for on-site and off-site backup of data and software in both the production and development environments (i.e. frequency, scope and retention periods of back-up).
Article 44. Commercial banks should have in place a problem management and processing system to respond promptly to IT operations incidents, to escalate reported incidents to relevant IT management staff and to record, analyze and keep tracks of all these incidents until rectification of the incidents with root cause analysis completed. A helpdesk function should be set up to provide front-line support to users on all technology-related problems and to direct the problems to relevant IT functions for investigation and resolution.
Article 45. Commercial banks should establish service level agreement and assess the IT service level standard attained.
Article 46. Commercial banks should implement a process to ensure that the performance of application systems is continuously monitored and exceptions are reported in a timely and comprehensive manner. The performance monitoring process should include forecasting capability to enable exceptions to be identified and corrected before they affect system performance.
Article 47. Commercial banks should carry out capacity plan to cater for business growth and transaction increases due to changes of economic conditions. Capacity plan should be extended to cover back-up systems and related facilities in addition to the production environment.
Article 48. Commercial banks should ensure the continued availability of technology related services with timely maintenance and appropriate system upgrades. Proper record keeping (including suspected and actual faults and preventive and corrective maintenance records) is necessary for effective facility and equipment maintenance.
Article 49. Commercial banks should have an effective change management process in place to ensure integrity and reliability of the production environment. Commercial banks should develop a formal change management process.
Chapter VII Business Continuity Management
Article 50. Commercial banks should have in place appropriate arrangements, having regard to the nature, scale and complexity of its business, to ensure that it can continue to function and meet its regulatory obligations in the event of an unforeseen interruption. These arrangements should be regularly updated and tested to ensure their effectiveness.
Article 51. Commercial banks should consider the likelihood and impact of a disruption to the continuity of its operation from unexpected events. This should include assessing the disruptions to which it is particularly susceptible including but not limited to:
(1) Loss of failure of internal and external resources (such as people, systems and other assets);
(2) The loss or corruption of its information; and
(3) External events (such as war, earthquake, typhoon, etc).
Article 52. Commercial bank should act to reduce both the likelihood of disruptions (including system resilience and dual processing); and the impact of disruptions (including by contingency arrangements and insurance).
Article 53. Commercial bank should document its strategy for maintaining continuity of its operations, and its plans for communicating and regularly testing the adequacy and effectiveness of this strategy. Commercial bank should establish:
(1) Formal business continuity plans that outline arrangements to reduce the impact of a short, medium and long-term disruption, including:
a) Resource requirements such as people, systems and other assets, and arrangements for obtaining these resources;
b) The recovery priorities for the commercial bank’s operations; and
c) Communication arrangements for internal and external concerned parties (including CBRC, clients and the press);
(2) Escalation and invocation plans that outline the processes for implementing the business continuity plans, together with relevant contact information;
(3) Processes to validate the integrity of information affected by the disruption;
(4) Processes to review and update (1) to (3) following changes to the commercial bank’s operations or risk profile.
Article 54. A final BCP plan and an annual drill result must be signed off by the IT Risk management, or internal auditor and IT Steering Committee.
Chapter VIII Outsourcing
Article 55. Commercial banks cannot contract out its regulatory obligations and should take reasonable care to supervise the discharge of outsourcing functions.
Article 56. Commercial banks should take particular care to manage material outsourcing arrangement (such as outsourcing of data center, IT infrastructure, etc.), and should notify CBRC when it intends to enter into material outsourcing arrangement.
Article 57. Before entering into, or significantly changing, an outsourcing arrangement, the commercial bank should:
(1) Analyze how the arrangement will fit with its organization and reporting structure; business strategy; overall risk profile; and ability to meet its regulatory obligations;
(2) Consider whether the arrangements will allow it to monitor and control its operational risk exposure relating to the outsourcing;
(3) Conduct appropriate due diligence of the service provider’s financial stability, expertise and risk assessment of the service provider, facilities and ability to cover the potential liabilities;
(4) Consider how it will ensure a smooth transition of its operations from its current arrangements to a new or changed outsourcing arrangement (including what will happen on the termination of the contract); and
(5) Consider any concentration risk implications such as the business continuity implications that may arise if a single service provider is used by several firms.
Article 58. In negotiating its contract with a service provider, the commercial bank should have regard to ( but not limited to ):
(1) Reporting and negotiation requirements it may wish to impose on the service provider;
(2) Whether sufficient access will be available to its internal auditors, external auditors and banking regulators;
(3) Information ownership rights, confidentiality agreements and Firewalls to protect client and other information (including arrangements at the termination of contract);
(4) The adequacy of any guarantees and indemnities;
(5) The extent to which the service provider must comply with the commercial bank’s polices and procedures covering IT Risk;
(6) The extent to which the service provider will provide business continuity for outsourced operations, and whether exclusive access to its resources is agreed;
(7) The need for continued availability of software following difficulty at a third party supplier;
(8) The processes for making changes to the outsourcing arrangement and the conditions under which the commercial bank or service provider can choose to change or terminate the outsourcing arrangement, such as where there is:
a) A change of ownership or control of the service provider or commercial bank; or
b) Significant change in the business operations of the service provider or commercial bank; or
c) Inadequate provision of services that may lead to the commercial bank being unable to meet its regulatory obligations.
Article 59. In implementing a relationship management framework, and drafting the service level agreement with the service provider, the commercial bank should have regarded to (but not limited to):
(1) The identification of qualitative and quantitative performance targets to assess the adequacy of service provision, to both the commercial bank and its clients, where appropriate;
(2) The evaluation of performance through service delivery reports and periodic self assessment and independent review by internal or external auditors; and
(3) Remediation action and escalation process for dealing with inadequate performance.
Article 60. The commercial bank should enhance IT related outsourcing management, in place following (not limited to ) measures to ensure data security of sensitive information such as customer information:
(1) Effectively separated from other customer information of the service provider;
(2) The related staff of service provider should be authorized on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
(3) Ensure service provider guarantee its staff for meeting the confidential requests;
(4) All outsourcing arrangements related to customer information should be identified as material outsourcing arrangements and the customers should be notified;
(5) Strictly monitor re-outsourcing actions of the service provider, and implement adequate control measures to ensure information security of the bank;
(6) Ensure all related sensitive information be refunded or deleted from the service provider’s storage when terminating the outsourcing arrangement.
Article 61. The commercial bank should ensure that it has appropriate contingency in the event of a significant loss of services from the service provider. Particular issues to consider include a significant loss of resources, turnover of key staff, or financial failure of, the service provider, and unexpected termination of the outsourcing agreement.
Article 62. All outsourcing contracts must be reviewed or signed off by IT Risk management, internal IT auditors, legal department and IT Steering Committee. There should be a process to periodically review and refine the service level agreements.
Chapter IX Internal Audit
Article 63. Depending on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, it may be appropriate for the commercial banks to delegate much of the task of monitoring the appropriateness and effectiveness of its systems and controls to an internal audit function. An internal audit function should be adequately resourced and staffed by competent individuals, be independent of the day-to-day activities of the commercial bank and have appropriate access to the bank’s records.
Article 64. The responsibilities of the internal IT audit function are:
(1) To establish, implement and maintain an audit plan to examine and evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of the bank’s systems and internal control mechanisms and arrangements;
(2) To issue recommendations based on the result of work carried out in accordance with 1;
(3) To verify compliance with those recommendations;
(4) To carry out special audit on information technology. The term “special audit” of information technology refers to the investigation, analysis and assessment on the security incidents of the information system, or the audit performed on a special subject based on IT risk assessment result as deemed necessary by the audit department.
Article 65. Based on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, deployment of information technology and IT risk assessment, commercial banks could determine the scope and frequency of IT internal audit. However, a comprehensive IT internal audit shall be performed at a minimum once every 3 years.
Article 66. Commercial banks should engage its internal audit department and IT Risk management department when implementing system development of significant size and scale to ensure it meets the IT Risk standards of the Commercial banks.
Chapter X External Audit
Article 67. The external information technology audit of commercial banks can be carried out by certified service providers in accordance with laws, rules and regulations.
Article 68. The commercial bank should ensure IT audit service provider to review and examine bank’s hardware, software, documentation and data to identify IT risk when they are commissioned to perform the audit. Vital commercial and technical information which is protected by national laws and regulations should not be reviewed.
Article 69. Commercial bank should communicate with the service provider in depth before the audit to determine audit scope, and should not withhold the truth or do not corporate with the service provider intentionally.
Article 70. CBRC and its local offices could designate certified service providers to carry out IT audit or related review on commercial banks when needed. When carrying out audit on commercial banks, as commissioned or authorized by CBRC or its local offices, the service providers shall present the letter of authority, and carry out the audit in accordance to the scope prescribed in the letter of authority.
Article 71. Once the IT audit report produced by the service providers is reviewed and approved by CBRC or its local offices, the report will have the same legal status as if it is produced by the CBRC itself. Commercial banks should come up with a correction action plan prescribed in the report and implement the corrective actions according to the timeframe.
Article 72. Commercial banks should ensure the service providers to strictly comply with laws and regulations to keep confidential and data security of any commercial secrets and private information learnt and IT risk information when conducting the audit. The service provider should not modify copy or take away any documents provided by the commercial banks.
Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions
Article 73. Commercial banks with no board of directors should have their operating decision-making bodies perform the responsibilities of the board with regard to IT risk management specified herein.
Article 74. The China Banking Regulatory Commission supervises and regulates the IT risk management of commercial banks under its authority by law.
Article 75. The power of interpretation and modification of the Guidelines shall rest with the China Banking Regulatory Commission.
Article 76. The Guidelines shall become effective as of the date of its issuance and the former Guidelines on the Risk Management of Banking Institutions’ Information Systems shall be revoked at the same time.
